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{bahamer's_process.png} The Bessemer Process (1905: Sir Henry Bessemer, F.R.S.- An autobiography)
Sir Henry Bessemer (1813-1898) invented the process for mass-producing steel cheaply. He patented “a decarbonization process, utilizing a blast of air” in 1855 known as the Bassemer’s process. The Bessemer process removed the impurities from the iron by blowing air through the molten iron (oxidation). Impurities such as silicon, carbon, and manganese are removed and are skimmed off in the form of gas. Bessemer invented the Bessemer converter, a machine that heats and removes impurities from the iron.
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Mass Production=Mass Production
Mass production is the production of goods in large quantities at a lower cost. Mass-produced goods are standardized because the machines producing the goods are consistent. Before the Industrial Revolution, cloths were produced at home or at small workshops in the village. Mass production in factories made it possible to manufacture goods faster at a cheaper price. Mass production allowed new cities to be built around new factories, seaports, or coalfields. The cities provided cheap housing for the factory workers.
Works Cited

Changes in communication and transportation
Poom W.
Before you begin, you might want to watch this short video introduction on the Industrial Revolution (source)

Many inventions during the Industrial and Agricultural Revolution led to the creation of factories. Before the Industrial Revolution, the cottage system was used to produce products at home rather than at factories. The men would weave cloth, the women would spin thread, and the children would do farm work outside. Both weaving and threading used man power. Cloth productions are low because men weaved at home. This system changed throughout the Industrial Revolution due to the high demands of cloth, and all the new inventions.
Factory Systems
{earlyfacgoriies.png} Early factories during the Industrial Revolution
Many inventions during the Industrial and Agricultural Revolution including the Water Frame led to the creation of factories. Before the Industrial Revolution, the cottage system was used to produce products at home rather than at factories. The men would weave cloth, the women would spin thread, and the children would do farm work outside. Both weaving and threading used man power. Cloth productions are low because men weaved at home. This system changed throughout the Industrial Revolution due to the high demands of cloth, and all the new inventions.
Energy Change during the Industrial Revolution
products faster.
The Development of Water as an Energy Source
factory workers.
The Steam Engine and Coal Mining
{Steam_Engine_Watt.gif} James Watt's Steam EngineDuring the Industrial Revolution, many factories used steam power as a replacement of water and man power. At first, steam engines were used to pump water out of mines, but James Watt's improvement allowed the steam engine to be used to run machinery. Thomas Newcomen invented one of the first steam engines in 1712 which only functions as a water pump, thus not making the steam engine efficient. Since the improvement of the Steam Engine by a Scottish Inventor, James Watt, the steam engine began to be used in many industrial factories. The Steam Engine became the most important invention during the Industrial Revolution
{coal_mining.jpg} Coal Mining during the Industrial Revolution
Coal became an important aspect of the Industrial Revolution since the Steam Engine required coal. Coal was used as a cheap fuel source because of the shortage of trees. Watt's Steam engine used coal to boil the water into steam to generate power. The adoptions of the Steam Engine decreased the price and the process of coal mining.
(Video Above) - The History of the Steam Engine. (Source)
The Textile Industry and Important Inventions
Flying Shuttle
Sir Henry Bessemer (1813-1898) invented the process for mass-producing steel cheaply. He patented “a decarbonization process, utilizing a blast of air” in 1855 known as the Bassemer’s process. The Bessemer process removed the impurities from the iron by blowing air through the molten iron (oxidation). Impurities such as silicon, carbon, and manganese are removed and are skimmed off in the form of gas. Bessemer invented the Bessemer converter, a machine that heats and removes impurities from the iron.
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Mass Production=
Mass production is the production of goods in large quantities at a lower cost. Mass-produced goods are standardized because the machines producing the goods are consistent. Before the Industrial Revolution, cloths were produced at home or at small workshops in the village. Mass production in factories made it possible to manufacture goods faster at a cheaper price. Mass production allowed new cities to be built around new factories, seaports, or coalfields. The cities provided cheap housing for the factory workers.
Works Cited

The Steam Engine and Coal Mining
{Steam_Engine_Watt.gif} James Watt's Steam EngineDuring the Industrial Revolution, many factories used steam power as a replacement of water and man power. At first, steam engines were used to pump water out of mines, but James Watt's improvement allowed the steam engine to be used to run machinery. Thomas Newcomen invented one of the first steam engines in 1712 which only functions as a water pump, thus not making the steam engine efficient. Since the improvement of the Steam Engine by a Scottish Inventor, James Watt, the steam engine began to be used in many industrial factories. The Steam Engine became the most important invention during the Industrial Revolution
Coal{coal_mining.jpg} Coal Mining during the Industrial Revolution
Coal became an Industrial Revolution
Importantsince the Steam Engine required coal. Coal was used as a cheap fuel source because of the shortage of trees. Watt's Steam engine used coal to boil the water into steam to generate power. The adoptions of the Steam Engine decreased the price and the process of coal mining.
The Textile Industry and Important Inventions
Flying Shuttle
{flyingshuttle.gif} John Kay's Flying Shuttle
{powerloom.gif} Patent Drawings for Edmund Cartwright's Power Loom
Edmund Cartwright visited Arkwright’s factory in 1784. He was inspired by the machines in the factory and began working on a machine that would improve the speed of weaving. He employed a blacksmith and a carpenter to help him. Together, they produced what he called a Power Loom. A Power Loom is a machine used to weave cloth faster with higher quality. In the beginning, the Power Loom didn’t perform very well. In 1787, Cartwright started a weaving mill in Doncaster, England. Two years after the mill was erected, Cartwright started to use Watt’s steam engine to drive his looms. All the tasks in the factory that had previously been done using manpower could now be performed mechanically. The Power Loom produced more cloth at a cheaper price, which lowered the price of cloth.
Steam Engine
Yet to be produced
Whitney's Cotton Gin
Since the time when people started to grow cotton in India, they picked the seeds out by hand before they began spinning the cotton into thread. {cottongin.jpg} Eli Whitney's cotton gin In 500 B.C., cotton growers in India invented machines that allowed the seeds to be pulled out more quickly and easily. As people migrated inland, they discovered a type of cotton that could tolerate extreme weather. The machines invented by the Indians can no longer pick seeds out from the new cotton. Picking out seeds from cotton was a slow process, making cotton very expensive. Many people worked on inventing a new kind of machine that would get the seeds out of the new short-staple cotton. In 1793, Eli Whitney invented the Cotton Gin to pick out the seeds. The Cotton Gin had steel teeth that caught the cotton fibers, and used a system of pulleys to operate. Since most of the farmers at that time use the new Cotton Gin, clothing of cotton became cheaper. As a result of the Cotton Gin, slavery working in cotton fields in the United States increased.

Many inventions during the Industrial and Agricultural Revolution including the Water Frame led to the creation of factories. Before the Industrial Revolution, the cottage system was used to produce products at home rather than at factories. The men would weave cloth, the women would spin thread, and the children would do farm work outside. Both weaving and threading used man power. Cloth productions are low because men weaved at home. This system changed throughout the Industrial Revolution due to the high demands of cloth, and all the new inventions.
Energy Change during the Industrial Revolution
more demands increased, people began finding ways of producing their products faster.
The Development of Water as an Energy Source
Water became one of the most popular energy sources for factories after the Water Frame was invented. Large factory machines that were too large for one person to operate was used near flowing water. Mills picking up energy from the rivers ran the machinery instead of manpower. Running water posed a problem: location. Cities during the Industrial Revolution was mainly port cities near the sea, for economical reasons. Since the factories are located near rivers inland, transportation would be a problem (See more here). As water power became even more popular, cities were started to be built around factories to accommodate the factory workers.
The Steam Engine and Coal Mining
{Steam_Engine_Watt.gif} James Watt's Steam EngineDuring the Industrial Revolution, many factories used steam power as a replacement of water and man power. At first, steam engines were used to pump water out of mines, but James Watt's improvement allowed the steam engine to be used to run machinery. Thomas Newcomen invented one of the first steam engines in 1712 which only functions as a water pump, thus not making the steam engine efficient. Since the improvement of the Steam Engine by a Scottish Inventor, James Watt, the steam engine began to be used in many industrial factories. The Steam Engine became the most important invention during the Industrial Revolution
Coal became an important aspect of the Industrial Revolution
Important Inventions
Flying Shuttle

(To view an essay version
Many inventions during the Industrial and Agricultural Revolution led to the creation of this article (withfactories. Before the Industrial Revolution, the cottage system was used to produce products at home rather than at factories. The men would weave cloth, the women would spin thread, and the children would do farm work outside. Both weaving and threading used man power. Cloth productions are low because men weaved at home. This system changed throughout the Industrial Revolution due to the high demands of cloth, and all the new inventions.
Factory Systems
{earlyfacgoriies.png} Early factories during the Industrial Revolution
Many inventions during the Industrial and Agricultural Revolution including the Water Frame led to the creation of factories. Before the Industrial Revolution, the cottage system was used to produce products at home rather than at factories. The men would weave cloth, the women would spin thread, and the children would do farm work outside. Both weaving and threading used man power. Cloth productions are low because men weaved at home. This system changed throughout the Industrial Revolution due to the high demands of cloth, and all the new inventions.
Energy Change during the Industrial Revolution
Energy was an important factor during the Industrial Revolution. Before the industrial Revolution, hand power and animal power were used. Most tools and "machines" were run by hand since there was no section headers), click here)mechanization yet. As more demands
Important Inventions
Flying Shuttle
{bahamer's_process.png} The Bessemer Process (1905: Sir Henry Bessemer, F.R.S.- An autobiography)
Sir Henry Bessemer (1813-1898) invented the process for mass-producing steel cheaply. He patented “a decarbonization process, utilizing a blast of air” in 1855 known as the Bassemer’s process. The Bessemer process removed the impurities from the iron by blowing air through the molten iron (oxidation). Impurities such as silicon, carbon, and manganese are removed and are skimmed off in the form of gas. Bessemer invented the Bessemer converter, a machine that heats and removes impurities from the iron.
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Mass Production=
Mass production is the production of goods in large quantities at a lower cost. Mass-produced goods are standardized because the machines producing the goods are consistent. Before the Industrial Revolution, cloths were produced at home or at small workshops in the village. Mass production in factories made it possible to manufacture goods faster at a cheaper price. Mass production allowed new cities to be built around new factories, seaports, or coalfields. The cities provided cheap housing for the factory workers.
Works Cited

{Laws_made_to_protect_children_were_passed_in_Parliament_in_London.jpg} Laws made to protect children were passed in Parliament in LondonAs protests increased and public outrage was fuelled by events such as the Triangle Shirtwaist Factory Fire, Parliament was forced into making laws for better working conditions for workers. Many laws were passed, especially those which reduced working time and increased minimum wages. One of these was the 1847 Fielder’s Factory Act, which introduced a ten-hour day for women and under 18’s. Another one was the 1844 Graham’s Factory Act, which reduced the maximum working time for workers, and decreed that safety guards had to be fitted to all machines.
The Industrial Revolution brought about many changes in lifestyle. It drastically changed the roles of family members. It unfortunately led to a decrease in working conditions and led to the rise of company towns. However, it also created labor unions and many laws were made to protect workers during the Revolution. It was a very important part of our history, and has impacted our lifestyle today in many ways.
Citations -
{irproject_citations2.png}{irproject citations 3.png}

The Industrial revolution was an era where the prototypes of every creation were created. A very good example is the Macadam road where it was the first idea of all of the roads. This road also encouraged people to come trade among the states and stagecoaches could move around faster. Transportation and communication also played a big role in society since that time till now. Another good example of this is the steam boat which was invented by Newcomon. The boats later led the western countries to success like England. England conquered many parts of Asia and Japan is an excellent example. Before the age of Industrialization, Japan was a closed country where it didn’t allow anyone to trade with them but after steam boats were invented, it made a huge upgrade to the military. They had to surrender which made England a prosperous country. Communication also played a big role in society like the telegraph. The telegraph made messaging become easier. Before this was created people had to depend on pony expresses which took a long time. If the messages were sent oversea, it would take months for it to arrive. But after the telegraph was invented, it would send a set of codes called the Morse codes which took no longer than 5 minutes. Both of these components improved society and developed until now….
Bibliography
-Annotated Bibliography
- Martin Kelly. 2012. http://americanhistory.about.com/od/industrialrev/a/indrevoverview.htm.
"European
This website is about the inventions created during the industrial revolution which includes the steam boat, bicycles, and many other things. I chose this website because this website lists the inventions during the industrial revolution and it is easier to research about them. In my opinion I think this website is really reliable because it is a website that explains about American history only.
"European Imperialism in 2012. http://www2.sunysuffolk.edu/westn/imperialism.html.
Chris
This website is basically about imperialism in the western countries like England and it tells what countries got conquered by England. This website helped me a lot in this project because it explains the causes of imperialism in China and other countries. To me I think that this website is very reliable which explains about everything which happened in Asia.
Chris Butler. "The 2012. http://www.flowofhistory.com/units/eme/17/FC112.
This website is another good website which explains the benefits of the locomotives and railroads. It also explains the routes of the railway. To me this website is very beneficial because the person who wrote this is a historian.
Ehiedu Iweriebor. 2012. http://exhibitions.nypl.org/africanaage/essay-colonization-of-africa.html.
"Industrial
This website is a very descriptive website which explains about colonization in Africa. This website focuses on the country Congo which was conquered by England. It explains how England took control of Congo and its resources. TO me this website is a very good website because it is a website written by an organization in Africa.
"Industrial Revolution." Industrial Web. 28 May 2012.http://www.fresno.k12.ca.us/divdept/sscience/history/industrial_revolution.htm.
This website explains about the steam ship invented by James Watts and it also explains how it was used later in military. I think this website is very reliable because it is a website presented by a British professor which explains the causes of imperialism.
Matthew Perry. "Commodore Perry and Japan (1853-1854) | Asia for Educators | Columbia University." Commodore Perry and Japan (1853-1854) | Asia for Educators | Columbia University. Asia for Educators, Colombia University. Web. 26 May 2012. http://www.fresno.k12.ca.us/divdept/sscience/history/industrial_revolution.htm.<http://afe.easia.columbia.edu/special/japan_1750_perry.htm>.
This website is basically one of the best websites from all of the websites because it explains about imperialism in Japan. This is where it explains about England taking over Japan. To me this website is really reliable because it is a website created by professors which explains a lot about this topic.